Abstract: In order to improve the frequency stability of the ship shore power system, an improved Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control strategy is proposed. Firstly, the effects of inertia and damping on frequency are analyzed through the small-signal model of the active power of VSG. Then, based on the transient processes of active power and angular frequency, the requirements for inertia and damping in different stages of the system's non-steady state are enumerated. This analysis is used to design a control method that enables inertia and damping to be adjusted adaptively with load changes, thereby effectively suppressing the fluctuation of shore power frequency. Simulation experiments show that, compared with the traditional VSG control with constant inertia and damping, the adaptive VSG control exhibits smaller overshoot, shorter adjustment time, and better adjustment accuracy for shore power frequency regulation. This approach effectively improves the system's frequency modulation (FM) characteristics and enhances the smoothness of active power transfer from shore power to ship power.