Abstract: Since the IMO（International Marine Organization） enforced the "sulfur limitation order" for ship emissions in January 2020, the LSFO（Low Sulfur Fuel Oil） became the main choice for ocean shipping. In this paper, the operating conditions of main engines after burning LSFO were investigated by many ocean-shipping companies. It is found that abnormal wears and significant increases in failures occur in the cylinder liner, piston ring and other components. Then, the influences of LSFO on main engines are analyzed and summarized, as well as the practical application cases of LSFO applied to ships. Finally, the complementary strategies for the abnormal wear and failure phenomenon of the main engine burning LSFO are put forward. This paper is helpful in solving the actual demands of abnormal wear issues from cylinder liners and piston rings in main engines burning LSFO, and hopes to further promote the mechanism research of abnormal wear from cylinder liners and piston rings in main engines burning LSFO.