Abstract: For the problem of fleet deployment and speed optimization under the low-carbon background, aiming at maximizing the weekly profit, this paper constructs the fleet deployment and speed optimization model under the carbon free emission reduction policy, carbon quota, carbon tax, carbon trading and carbon compensation policy, and designs a genetic algorithm to solve the model. Through numerical examples and sensitivity analysis, this paper studies the impact of various carbon emission reduction policies on the fleet deployment and speed optimization, profits and carbon emissions of liner companies, and discusses the role of various emission reduction policies. The results show that all carbon emission reduction policies will reduce the company's profits, carbon emissions and average speed. All carbon emission reduction policies can achieve more obvious emission reduction effects by setting reasonable parameters and strategies. It is found that the emission reduction effect of carbon trading policy is better and more conducive to the sustainable development of shipping.