Optimization and economic allocation analysis of hybrid energy storage capacity of fuel cell ship
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摘要: 复合储能系统可改善由船舶负载功率波动引起的燃料电池寿命损耗问题，但配置成本限制了其在燃料电池船上的广泛应用。为合理配置储能容量，使船舶动力系统设计具备长期的可靠性，提出了一种计及复合储能系统全寿命周期的容量优化配置方法。在构建各电源系统模型的基础上，建立包括购置成本、维护成本、置换成本和能耗成本的复合储能系统全寿命周期成本模型，并采用雨流计数法来评估储能的置换成本。最后依据“Alsterwasser”号燃料电池船的典型功率需求数据，以储能设备的容量参数、燃料电池的输出功率和电源系统的运行参数为优化变量，采用灰狼优化算法进行求解。通过不同储能类型和优化目标下的配置方案对比，验证了所提方法的经济性。Abstract: Hybrid Energy Storage System（HESS） can improve the lifetime loss of fuel cells caused by ship load power fluctuation, but the configuration cost limits the wide application of HESS in fuel cell ships. In order to rationally allocate energy storage capacity and make ship power system design have long-term reliability, this paper proposes a capacity optimal allocation method which takes into account the whole life cycle of HESS. Based on the model of each power supply system, the life-cycle cost model of HESS including purchase cost, maintenance cost, replacement cost and energy consumption cost is established, and the rain-flow counting method is used to evaluate the replacement cost of energy storage. Finally, according to the typical power demand data of "Alsterwasser" fuel cell ship, the capacity parameters of energy storage equipment, the output power of fuel cells and the operation parameters of power system are taken as optimization variables, and the gray Wolf optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem. Through the comparison of configuration schemes under different energy storage types and optimization objectives, the economic efficiency of the proposed method is verified.
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